HowTo: Use DISM and SFC tools to check+fix your Windows installation
If you’re having issues with your Windows 7 or newer, you should consider whether its installation has become corrupted (due to malicious software or hard drive errors).
After doing a disk check (say by right clicking the appropriate drive under my computer and selecting Properties, then Tools tab and Error checking) and a complete virus scan (on Win10 you can click the shield icon of Windows defender in the taskbar tray and at scanning options choose to do a full scan – or if you have installed some third-party antivirus double-click its icon in the taskbar tray and when its GUI opens up opt to do a full scan), then try the following steps to repair your Windows installation:
1. Press WIN+R to open Run dialog
2. Type in:
CMD
Hold down CTRL+SHIFT keys and click OK to open the command line window in Administrator mode (do press Yes at the User Account Control prompt)
A (usually) black text-based console window will open up and you’ll be greated with something like:
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.720]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
and then a prompt like:
C:\Windows\system32>
3. Type in the following and press the ENTER key:
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Scanhealth
and press ENTER to execute the DISM tool with the option to check the windows image health and wait patiently for it to complete
Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.18362.1Image Version: 10.0.18363.720
[==========================100.0%==========================] The component store is repairable.
The operation completed successfully.
4. In case you see a message that the component store is repairable, then when greeted with the C:\Windows\system32> prompt again, type in the following and press ENTER:
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /RestoreHealth
to repair the Windows image:
Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.18362.1Image Version: 10.0.18363.720
[==========================100.0%==========================] The restore operation completed successfully.
The operation completed successfully.
If RestoreHealth fails and you’re on Windows 10, then you should checkout this article:
https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/16397-repair-install-windows-10-place-upgrade.html
on how to do an in place upgrade of Windows 10, opting to keep your settings and apps
5. If all goes well you’ll see that the restore operation completed successfully and you’ll be taken again to the command-line prompt C:\Windows\system32>
Now that the windows image is checked and fine, you should check your Windows installation against that image, giving the following command and pressing ENTER:
sfc /scannow
Beginning system scan. This process will take some time.
Beginning verification phase of system scan.
Verification 100% complete.Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files and successfully repaired them.
For online repairs, details are included in the CBS log file located at
windir\Logs\CBS\CBS.log. For example C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log. For offline
repairs, details are included in the log file provided by the /OFFLOGFILE flag.
After any automatic repairs you should see the prompt C:\Windows\system32> again. Now repeat the same step till you see no more errors found and repaired.
sfc /scannow
Beginning system scan. This process will take some time.
Beginning verification phase of system scan.
Verification 100% complete.Windows Resource Protection did not find any integrity violations.
When back at the C:\Windows\system32> prompt with no errors found and repaired, just close the console window or type in the following and press ENTER:
exit
HowTo: Optimize your website enabling web server GZIP compression
Was recently checking out the fine tools from GTmetrix for optimizing some websites I manage and one of the issues I noticed on a client’s site was that GZIP compression was turned off.
They have a GZIP compression setup article for IIS and Apache web servers that contains a sample for Apache with compression rules for various mime types and exceptions for older Mozilla 4-era and MSIE browsers that may have issues with it.
There is also GZIP compression at NGINX
A simple tool to check a remote URL just for GZIP compression is at https://varvy.com/tools/gzip/ and at their read more page they list alternative ways to set up GZIP compression for Apache web servers (they do list fewer MIME type there, so do checkout the sample from GTmetrix too and combine) and an example for NGINX that also defines some extra rules for IE6 and exclusion for IE<6.
Fix: Microworlds Pro installer showing gibberish instead of Greek
A friend sent me the other day a screenshot from the installer of Microwords Pro Greek version on Windows 10 that was showing gibberish instead of Greek. At their school on Windows 10 it was showing up fine, so they wondered what the issue was.
They mentioned that on Windows 10 english it was showing fine. So we did try changing the preferred language order of Windows (at Laguage preferences in settings), to put English first (clicking on a language there shows arrows to reorder them, but has no drag action allowed btw), then Greek and try installing again, but the issue was still the same.
Note that at first I had wondered if it was a similar issue with the OwnCloud client installation that was showing an unexpected language instead of English, but since the screenshot was showing gibberish chars I guessed it was indeed showing Greek, but at some unexpected encoding for the system’s codepage. Note that codepages are a thing of the past and not needed for Unicode programs, but they’re still needed for older programs that just used a single byte (that couldn’t fit all posisble characters in the world) to encode a character.
I noticed it was showing a WinRar icon at that installer, so wondered if they had WinRar installed, but since installers are usually self-contained, I guessed the installer had been built with some older non-unicode WinRar engine version or something.
So I suggested going to Control Panel > Change Display Language > Administrative > Change System Locale for non Unicode programs and choose Greek there instead of English and indeed it worked.
Note that to find Control Panel on recent versions of Windows 10, the easiest way is to press the Search icon on the taskbar and then type “Control Panel” (or “Πίνακας Ελέγχου” if you’re on a Greek system). On the first Windows 10 editions you could just right click the Windows 10 Start/flag button on the taskbar and select Control Panel from the popup menu shown, but it seems they’ve removed that with recent updates.
This is useful to know since it usually affects most older non-Unicode programs that expect the system to work with a specific codepage. Microsoft used to have a utility that allowed one to switch the system codepage separately for various programs instead of doing a system-wide change, but it was hard to find even back then (plus didn’t allow redistribution) and most probably doesn’t work on newer systems.
Fix: Cisco Webex Meetings install fail (AddDllDirectory @ KERNEL32.dll)
Looking into the following error message occuring with Cisco WebEx Meetings installer on Windows 7, found this useful discussion:
where the following are suggested:
– install Update for Windows 7 (KB2533623) from Microsoft:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=26767
– video tutorial:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpRRiMGJ_xA
And an extra tip, in case you after the installation, when you try to connect via a meeting URL, you see this dialog:
then try enabling TLS 1.1 & 1.2 at your browser (e.g. was told Chrome on Win7 had then both off). See how to do this for various browsers at: https://knowledge.digicert.com/generalinformation/INFO3299.html
Regarding TLS 1.1 though, mind you that it is considered insecure – so you might decide to skip enabling it (and try just enabling TLS 1.2) unless you can’t find some other solution. Quoting recent article on TLS 1.0 and 1.1 protocols:
Microsoft announced today that it will delay disabling support for the insecure Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.0 and 1.1 protocols from Microsoft web browsers because of the current global situation until the second half of 2020, with an estimated time of roll out during July. “For the new Microsoft Edge (based on Chromium), TLS 1.0 and 1.1 are currently planned to be disabled by default no sooner than Microsoft Edge version 84 (currently planned for July 2020),” Kyle Pflug, Microsoft Edge Developer Experience Principal PM Lead, said. “For all supported versions of Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge Legacy (EdgeHTML-based), TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1 will be disabled by default as of September 8, 2020.” https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-delays-disabling-insecure-tls-in-browsers-until-july/
Fix: make ownCloud installer display in English language
OwnCloud is an interesting solution for setting up a file sharing cloud for a group of people.
However,one issue I’ve found with its Windows desktop client’s current version (which looks clean of any viruses since I always check first) is that if your Windows 10 is configured with a preferred language that the desktop client’s installer doesn’t have localization support for, then it doesn’t show up in English as you’d expect, but in Czech or someother language that most of us don’t know how to read.
So I tried running it’s MSI installer (ownCloud-2.6.1.13407.13049.msi) with –? parameter from the command-line and the /g languageCode parameter mentioned there looked promising, but trying /g en for English didn’t work. I guessed it needed some specific language code number (and not double-letter language code like en for English), since the help text was mentioning to see Windows Installer SDK for more help.
After a quick search I found an article that suggested passing the parameter Productlanguage=1033 to an msi installer on the command-line for it to ALWAYS show in English. And indeed it worked.
To open a command window one can click the Search icon on the windows taskbar and type CMD then press ENTER.
Then they can drag-drop the .MSI file of ownCloud installer onto the black command-line window that opens up and type an extra space char and then Productlanguage=1033 before pressing ENTER to launch the ownCloud installer in English. After that they can close the command-line window at anytime.
Since many users may be uncomfortable with such instructions, one could provide an msiEnglish.bat file that just contains
%1 Productlanguage=1033
User could drag-drop the .msi they want onto that msiEnglish.bat file and it would run the msi installer being displayed in English language, irrespective of any preferred language settings at the Windows operating system.
Of course the best thing would be if ownCloud fixed their desktop client installer to fallback to the Engish language (set it as default) if it can’t find localization strings for the currently prefered language of the user. Have filed an issue at https://github.com/owncloud/client/issues/7825
Fix: Buildbox activation issues on load
Buildbox is a wonderful game authoring tool (that spans the whole nocode-code continuum, including the low-code aspect). It now has a free version too with nice templates and tutorials included.
I had an issue with the Windows version (it also has an indentical MacOS-X version since it’s a Qt-based app) where it was complaining about activation issue at startup and couldn’t proceed.
To solve that you can remove activation info (which won’t be removed if you just do uinstall and reinstall) by deleteing the com.eightcell.buildbox subfolder at:
C:\Users\YOUR_PROFILE_NAME_HERE\AppData\Local\eightcell\Buildbox\
Next time you run Buildbox.exe it will show activation dialog and you can enter your registration key (even the free version has one that you can download from your free account at http://buildbox.com)
With the latest Buildbox 3 there seems to exist an extra com.eightcell.buildbox3 subfolder that you could delete or just rename the main.iblicense files in there to main._iblicense. The launch Buidlbox again to see the activation dialog.
There probably exists some bug in Buildbox that causes one to repeat this action often.
So you could add a RESET_BUILDBOX_LICENSE.BAT file to your desktop with the following commands to delete the license file:
del "%AppData%\..\Local\eightcell\Buildbox\com.eightcell.buildbox3\main.iblicense"
@pause
HowTo: disable video autoplay in Chromium-based Microsoft Edge
Getting really annoyed by YouTube’s insistence to autoplay (and not even stop the previously playing video) everytime you navigate to a browser tab that shows YouTube content (say using CTRL+TAB / SHIFT+CTRL+TAB to find a tab you’re looking for when you have too many and they only manage to fit their icons so no title to pick one)?
The way to stop it in the newest Microsoft Edge browser (that’s based on the Chromium engine, same one that Google Chrome uses), is to press the three dots button at the top-right and select Settings.
When at Settings, select “Site permissions”, scroll down and click the arrow button on the far right to open “Media autoplay”
Finally, select “Limit” from the dropdown menu.
And you’re done.
Fix: Acer Aspire One (AS1) ZG5 blank screen at startup
Seems Acer Aspire One (AS1) ZG5 can have a recurring problem, esp. if its battery is near its end of life. If it shuts down abruptly its BIOS settings seem to get corrupted and its BIOS instead of discarding them seems to freeze.
Luckily they have a way to update the BIOS via USB key at machine power up. Flashing the BIOS (even to the same version) will fix the issue. Probably resetting the BIOS NVRAM data would do the same, but since you can’t boot this is the way to do it (without fiddling with the hardware directly that is).
The process suggested by ACER in case you come across this issue is the following:
Create a recovery USB drive to update the Bios on the unit.
The specific steps to perform this recovery with the USB drive are:
1. Download & Extract BIOS_Acer_3310_A_AOA110 & AOA150 (found in https://www.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/support-product/60?b=1)
2. Rename the Bios name from 3310.fd to zg5ia32.fd
3. Copy zg5ia32.fd and Flashit.exe to USB flash drive.
4. Start the restoration process:
- Plug the AC Adapter into the unit.
- Insert the USB flash drive into a USB port.
- Press and Hold down the Fn and the Esc keys together.
- Keep these keys held down and press power.
- When the unit’s power light comes on release the Fn and Esc keys.
- After the keys have been released the power light will start to blink.
- Let the unit run and after approximately 1 to 7 minutes, the unit should reboot.
- Video should now be restored.
Can also see the process in this video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHkGkw9EE8c&feature=emb_logo
See my comment there with the newer links I have above, have fixed the links they had (since they had old broken ACER links they eventually provided the file themselves) so that you download the BIOS from ACER directly, to be safer and to be sure you always get the latest BIOS (aka 3310 at the time of writing).
HowTo: Reset browser cache of CSS files upon ASP.net MVC app publish
On an ASP.net MVC webapp I’m maintaining, I had the issue that due to caching of older CSS (stylesheet) files in the browser, if the user didn’t press F5/refresh, it wasn’t showing you some message (since I had added the class .center-horiz-vert in the CSS that didn’t exist in the older cached css the browser had).
Instead of changing web.config to stop cachine of CSS files (in which case it would bring the CSS on every page load which is an overkill), I expanded on an idea mentioned by Maxim Kornilov on SO (https://stackoverflow.com/a/12992813/903783), on making the CSS URLs webapp version specific.
I added a fake version parameter to the URLs with the build number as value so that till I publish a new build the browser caches the CSS, but when I upload a new build it brings the new one since it cache with the url as a key (that now includes the build number as a dummy url parameter that the webserver will ignore and just fetch the CSS file when requested)
Maxim’s example was in ASP/ASP.net WebForms syntax instead of MVC’s and Razor Pages’ newer Razor syntax), so I contributed my solution for the case of an ASP.net MVC webapp that wants to serve a fresh copy of CSS files on every new build that you publish (will do this whether the CSS file has changed or not) so that browsers don’t use older cached copies of the file. Obviously this expands to any kind of files you link/load into your webpages via a URL.
1) Added to the webapp’s main class (was called MvcApplication) in Global.asax.cs
#region Versioning
public static string Version =>
typeof(MvcApplication).Assembly.GetName().Version.ToString();
//note: syntax requires C# version >=6
public static DateTime LastUpdated =>
File.GetLastWriteTime(typeof(MvcApplication).Assembly.Location);
#endregionthe someProperty => someReadOnlyExpression syntax is just shorthand for someProperty { get { return … ;} } possible since C# 6
2) in its Content/_Layout.cshtml file I used to have the following to show build number and build datetime (based on the webapp’s main assembly) on the page footer:
Version @ViewContext.Controller.GetType().Assembly.GetName().Version
(@string.Format("{0:yyyy/MM/dd-HH:mm:ss}",
@File.GetLastWriteTime(ViewContext.Controller.GetType().Assembly.Location)))which I changed to the simpler:
Version @somewebappname.MvcApplication.Version
(@string.Format("{0:yyyy/MM/dd-HH:mm:ss}",
somewebappname.MvcApplication.LastUpdated))3) it was loading the CSS via hardcoded link in _Layout.cshtml (still refactoring it) which I changed to:
<link href='@Url.Content("~/Content/Site.css?version=" +
somewebappname.MvcApplication.Version)' rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> so if one right-clicks in the webpage and they do view source they see:
<link href='/Content/Site.css?version=2.1.5435.22633'
rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> that is the CSS url is version specific thanks to the dummy parameter version
If a random number was used instead it would fetch the CSS at every page load which is usually undesired, especially if you are already pushing a new webapp build instead of individual page changes to the web server (so that you do have access to a build number that you can inject into URLs).
Note that to achieve auto-incrementing of build number, at Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs I have (see How to have an auto incrementing version number (Visual Studio)?):
// Version information for an assembly consists of the following four values:
//
// Major Version
// Minor Version
// Build Number
// Revision
//
// You can specify all the values or you can default the Revision
// and Build Numbers by using the '*' as shown below:
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")]
//[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.*")]
// don't use boh AssemblyVersion and AssemblyFileVersion with auto-increment